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Chronicle of the Catholic Church in Lithuania
The ''Chronicle of the Catholic Church in Lithuania'' ((リトアニア語:Lietuvos katalikų bažnyčios kronika) or ''LKB kronika'') was the longest-running and best-known samizdat periodical in the Lithuanian SSR, one of the republics of the Soviet Union. Copying the example of the Russian ''Chronicle of Current Events'',〔 the Lithuanian Chronicle was published from March 19, 1972 to March 19, 1989 by Catholic priests and nuns.〔 In total, 81 issues appeared.〔 It focused on repressions against Catholics in Lithuania, but also included reports of other violations of human rights in the Soviet Union.
The writers and the publishers were routinely interrogated, arrested, and imprisoned by the KGB, including its founder and first editor Sigitas Tamkevičius. Between 1973 and 1983, a total of 17 people were arrested (2 priests, 4 nuns, and 11 secular persons).〔 After Tamkevičius' arrest in 1983, the Chronicle was edited by Jonas Boruta. Other writers and collaborators included Petras Plumpa, Nijolė Sadūnaitė, Gerarda Elena Šuliauskaitė, Bernadeta Mališkaitė, Kazimieras Ambrasas.〔 The texts were usually pessimistic and reflecting siege mentality.〔
The Chronicle was typed using a typewriter and copied with primitive self-made machines. Therefore, the circulation was only about 100–300 copies.〔 With the help of Russian dissidents (Sergei Kovalev, Gleb Yakunin, and others) and Western visitors (who agreed to take souvenirs with photographic films of the Chronicle hidden inside), copies of the Chronicle were smuggled across the Iron Curtain.〔 In the United States, the Chronicle was translated and published by various Lithuanian American organizations. The text was also read on Vatican Radio, Voice of America, Radio Liberty.〔 The Chronicle inspired the ''Chronicle of the Catholic Church in Ukraine'' (1984–87) by the Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church.〔
==References==
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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